2024 ANNUAL REPORT

| 41 | Genes Modified by Immune–Tumor Contact Events." RNA, 2024. • Adam Soffer, Samuel Joshua Viswas, Shahar Alon, Nofar Rozenberg, Amit Peled, Daniel Piro, Dan Vilenchik, Barak Akabayov. "MolOptimizer: A Molecular Optimization Toolkit for Fragment-Based Drug Design." Molecules, 2024. Prof. Aurbach Doron Department of Chemistry Electrochemistry for Sustainable Energy Research Areas • High voltage lithium ion batteries • Beyond lithium ion batteries • Water treatment • Aqueous batteries • Lithium-sulfur batteries • All-solid-state batteries • Supercapacitors • Lead-acid batteries Abstract Our lab studies electrochemistry and energy storage and develops advanced materials. The group is led by Professor Doron Aurbach, who established the university's electrochemistry division in 1985 and is ranked among the most cited researchers worldwide with a portfolio of over 900 published papers. Prof. Aurbach has established a global network of collaborations and is the founder and leader of the Israel National Energy Research Consortium (INERC). This consortium brings together more than 33 research teams from seven academic institutions across Israel. Furthermore, he founded the Israel National Research Center for Electrochemical Propulsion (INREP), initially including 28 research groups. Established 11 years ago, this center has successfully transformed competition into fruitful collaboration among seven Israeli academic institutions. The INERC represents an expansion of this initial effort. 1. High Voltage Lithium Ion Batteries Abstract Today, Li-ion batteries (LIBs) face the challenge of application in electrified vehicles (EVs), which require increased energy density, improved abuse tolerance, prolonged life, and low cost. LIB technology can significantly advance through stabilizing the high-voltage and highenergy cathodes based on the Ni-rich [LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) (x→ 1)], Li, Mn-rich (LMR-NCM, Li1+xNiyCoyMnzO2, 0.1 < x < 0.2, z > 0.5), LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) spinel cathodes. While the cycling stability of such cathode materials during cell operation tends to decrease for several reasons. Our group has been working for many years to develop different strategies to stabilize the electrochemical performance. Advanced Li-ion batteries for electromobility: High capacity cathodes. 2. Beyond Lithium Ion Batteries Abstract We face significant global challenges in sustainability and the energy economy because of the climate crisis, which is caused by the pollution of the atmosphere by "greenhouse" gasses. We must change energy technologies and move to renewable energies, primarily solar energy. Developing reliable and costeffective technologies for large energy storage is mandatory. Lithium-ion batteries exhibit the best performance in terms of energy and power densities, safety, cost, and mass production ability. That, by all means, makes them the most advanced battery technologies currently available commercially. However, Lithium-ion battery technologies will have a very limited application for large energy storage because the global resources of lithium are not enough in the scales required for global electricity production by solar energy. The scientific community is searching for new "beyond lithium-ion batteries" technologies. Such systems may be based on Li-metal, Li-oxygen, Sodium ion, Magnesium ion, and Zinc ion. Furthermore, there is a great interest in rechargeable batteries based on metallic anodes because of their potential to deliver much higher energy density than their cation intercalation analogs-based systems. Typical electrochemical behavior and the basic structure of the MgxMo6S8 cathodes correspond to a maximal charge capacity of 122 mAh/g. The electrolyte solution was 0.25 M Mg(AlCl2BuEt)2 in THF. 3. Water Treatment Abstract Our group's activities cover various research topics emphasizing water treatment and renewable energy. • Development of new electrochemical methods for water desalination and selective removal of hazardous pollutants in water. • Development of new membranes for nanofiltration purposes. • Develop cutting-edge technology for disinfecting surfaces, skin, and spaces. • Efficient technologies for CO2 capture from air. • Innovative approaches towards hydrogen production. A schematic illustration of the asymmetric CDI cell design for selective bromide ions recovery. 4. Aqueous Batteries Abstract The renewable energy revolution, which accelerated in the recent decade, opens new opportunities for generating ecofriendly electricity without greenhouse gas emissions. The answer to this challenge could be large-scale. However, these applications require a massive amount of active materials; hence, only abundant elements should be considered. Considering the relatively high production cost of aprotic electrolytes and their associated safety concerns, a water-based electrolyte system would be a reasonable choice. To address this need, our study aims to research and develop aqueous

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