90 beam quality of x-ray sources, together with new facilities such as the x-ray freeelectron laser (FEL), do offer the possibility of extending the concepts of nonlinear and quantum optics into x-ray energies. The new facilities with their increased power allow the observation of new x-ray nonlinear and quantum effects. Our group uses these advanced technologies to study new effects at x-ray wavelengths. A major part of our research is aimed at fundamental science with the focus on the demonstration and study novel nonlinear and quantum processes at x-ray wavelengths. This is a new system offering possibilities of better for testing of universal concepts of quantum and nonlinear physics. Another significant portion of our research is aimed at the development of new imaging and inspection techniques based on quantum and nonlinear phenomena. It is expected that these techniques will offer the ability to image and inspect phenomena and small objects on the atomic scale resolution. Publications 2022 and 2023 • Dario De Angelis, Emiliano Principi, Filippo Bencivenga, Daniele Fausti, Laura Foglia, Yishay Klein, Michele Manfredda, Riccardo Mincigrucci, Angela Montanaro, Emanuele Pedersoli, Jacopo Stefano Pelli Cresi, Giovanni Perosa, Kevin C Prince, Elia Razzoli, Sharon Shwartz, Alberto Simoncig, Simone Spampinati, Cristian Svetina, Jakub Szlachetko, Alok Tripathi, Ivan A Vartanyants, Marco Zangrando, Flavio Capotondi. “Free electron laser stochastic spectroscopy revealing silicon bond softening dynamics”. Physical Review B, 2023. • Yishai Klein, Alok K Tripathi, Edward Strizhevsky, Flavio Capotondi, Dario De Angelis, Luca Giannessi, Matteo Pancaldi, Emanuele Pedersoli, Kevin C Prince, Or Sefi, Y oung Yong Kim, Ivan A Vartanyants, Sharon Shwartz. “High-spectral-resolution absorption measurements with free-electron lasers using ghost spectroscopy”. Physical Review A, 2023. • Haim Aknin, Sharon Shwartz. “Nanometric-scale phase contrast imaging with undetected x-ray photons”. Quantum, 2023. • C Ornelas-Skarin, T Bezriadina, M Fuchs, S Ghimire, JB Hastings, NN Hua, L Leroy, Q Nguyen, G de la Peña, D PopovaGorelova, S Shwartz, M Trigo, T Sato, D Zhu, DA Reis. “Nonlinear x-ray optical wave-mixing in silicon”. Nonlinear Optics, 2023. • Yishay Klein, Or Sefi, Hila Schwartz, Sharon Shwartz. “Chemical element mapping by x-ray computational ghost fluorescence”. Optica, 2022. Prof. Sloutskin Eli Department of Physics Member of BINA Nano & Advanced Materials Center Research Areas • Experimental studies of phase transitions in colloids • Quantitative real-time 3D confocal microscopy, holographic optical tweezing, and light scattering • Crystal nucleation • Non-crystalline solids: structural measurements to reveal the physics of glass formation • Interfacial phenomena in colloidal and molecular systems Abstract Experimental Soft Condensed Matter Physics Our team studies the physics of soft matter, such as emulsions and colloidal suspensions. Despite the prevalence of these materials in everyday life, a fundamental physical understanding of their properties is still lacking. To study these materials, we employ cutting-edge light and electron microscopy methods, optical tweezers’ manipulation, and light scattering. Currently, we mainly focus on a unique and counterintuitive phenomenon, discovered by our team a few years ago: a spontaneous, temperature-controlled sphere-to-polyhedron shape transition of emulsion droplets, the bulk of which remains liquid. The mechanism of this new phenomenon plays an important role in a wide range of chemical and biological systems, and enables the formation of faceted building blocks in a wide range of sizes, from nanometers to millimeters, of high promise for future materials. Furthermore, we have recently demonstrated that the shape-controlling mechanism allows the liquid droplets to be decorated by precisely positioned active groups, highly-promising for a wide range of applications in material engineering, nanomedicine, and beyond. With that, the fundamental understanding of nanoscale interfacial elasticity, which is responsible for the studied phenomena, is not yet fully established. Establishing such understanding is the aim of our current work. A faceted oil-in-water liquid droplet, decorated by nano-spiral tails at two of its corners. Publications 2022 and 2023 • Sagi Hacmon, Shir R Liber, Lee Shool, Alexander V Butenko, Ayelet Atkins, Eli Sloutskin. ““Magic Numbers” in SelfFaceting of Alcohol-Doped Emulsion Droplets”. Small, 2023. • Eli Sloutskin, Lilach Tamam, Zvi Sapir, Benjamin M Ocko, Colin D Bain, Ivan Kuzmenko, Thomas Gog, Moshe Deutsch. “Counterions under a Surface-Adsorbed Cationic Surfactant Monolayer: Structure and Thermodynamics”. Langmuir, 2022. • Pilkhaz M Nanikashvili, Alexander V Butenko, Moshe Deutsch, Daeyeon Lee, Eli Sloutskin. “Salt-induced stability and modified interfacial energetics in selffaceting emulsion droplets”. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2022. • Subhomoy Das, Alexander V Butenko, Yitzhak Mastai, Moshe Deutsch, Eli Sloutskin. “Topology-driven surface patterning of liquid spheres”. Nature Physics, 2022. • Lee Shool, Alexander V Butenko, Shir R Liber, Yitzhak Rabin, Eli Sloutskin. “Anomalous Temperature-Controlled Concave–Convex Switching of Curved Oil–Water Menisci”. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2022.
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